The topic of discussion on 18th June, 2018 at Journal Club Meeting was the ‘Role of toll-like receptors in IBD’. The TLRs is a class of transmembrane pattern recognition receptors that play key role in the induction of pro and anti-inflammatory genes and adaptive immunity. The TLRs recognize signals that can be of microbiota, viral, commensal, pathogen, or damage associated. Toll like receptor are the most important mediators for innate host defense of intestine involving in mucosal as well as commensal homeostasis. The TLR dysfunction is having mechanistic importance in IBD pathogenesis. The genetics, environment and immune system all in close interaction control the TLR function in the intestinal mucosa. Any imbalance within this multidimensional regulatory triad results in aberrant TLR signaling lead to acute and chronic inflammation in IBD. The TLRs expresses throughout the gastrointestinal tract and involve in specific expression at different anatomical sites. Perturbation between the gut flora and mucosal immunity causes gut inflammation in IBD in the genetically susceptible individuals. There are many TLRs agonist and antagonists under clinical trials for different diseases warranting investigation for IBD best treatment.